Jaws is a 1975 American natural horror thriller film directed by Steven Spielberg, based on Peter Benchley's 1974 novel of the same name. In the film, a man-eating great white shark attacks beachgoers at a summer resort town, prompting police chief Martin Brody (Roy Scheider) to hunt it with the help of a marine biologist (Richard Dreyfuss) and a professional shark hunter (Robert Shaw). Murray Hamilton plays the mayor, and Lorraine Gary portrays Brody's wife. The screenplay is credited to Benchley, who wrote the first drafts, and actor-writer Carl Gottlieb, who rewrote the script during principal photography. Shot mostly on location on Martha's Vineyard in Massachusetts, Jaws was the first major motion picture to be shot on the ocean, and resultingly had a troubled production, going over budget and past schedule. As the art department's mechanical sharks often malfunctioned, Spielberg decided mostly to suggest the shark's presence, employing an ominous and minimalist theme created by composer John Williams to indicate its impending appearances. Spielberg and others have compared this suggestive approach to that of director Alfred Hitchcock. Universal Pictures gave the film what was then an exceptionally wide release for a major studio picture, on over 450 screens, accompanied by an extensive marketing campaign with a heavy emphasis on television spots and tie-in merchandise. Jaws was the prototypical summer blockbuster, regarded as a watershed moment in motion picture history, and it won several awards for its music and editing. It was the highest-grossing film until the release of Star Wars in 1977. Both films were pivotal in establishing the modern Hollywood business model, which pursues high box-office returns from action and adventure films with simple high-concept premises, released during the summer in thousands of theaters and advertised heavily. Jaws was followed by three sequels (without the involvement of Spielberg or Benchley) and many imitative thrillers. In 2001, it was selected by the Library of Congress for preservation in the United States National Film Registry as "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".
A spiritual successor is a type of follow-up work that isn’t directly connected to the original story or universe, but still carries forward its essence through similar themes, style, and ideas—essentially acting as a sequel “in spirit.” Creators may do this for many reasons: to pay homage while avoiding legal ties, to continue exploring familiar creative ground without risking a direct sequel, or simply because their artistic voice naturally echoes past work. This concept appears across many forms of media, though it’s especially common in video games, where developers may retain the tools and design philosophy of a past project even if they no longer hold the rights to its name or characters. A related concept is the spiritual adaptation, where a work in one medium closely mirrors the tone and structure of another, almost feeling like an unofficial adaptation. Spiritual successors can sometimes feel like rebranded continuations of ideas from older or discontinued franchises, effectively serving as a kind of creative reincarnation. They often overlap with ideas like unofficial counterparts or heavily inspired works, and can even share the same creative teams. While they celebrate and evolve what came before, they stand apart as independent creations, occasionally even contrasting with or redefining the works that inspired them.
