Jurassic Park is a 1993 American science fiction action film[3] directed by Steven Spielberg and produced by Kathleen Kennedy and Gerald R. Molen. It is the first installment in the Jurassic Park franchise, and the first film in the Jurassic Park trilogy, and is based on the 1990 novel of the same name by Michael Crichton and a screenplay written by Crichton and David Koepp. The film is set on the fictional island of Isla Nublar, located off Central America's Pacific Coast near Costa Rica. There, wealthy businessman John Hammond and a team of genetic scientists have created a wildlife park of de-extinct dinosaurs. When industrial sabotage leads to a catastrophic shutdown of the park's power facilities and security precautions, a small group of visitors and Hammond's grandchildren struggle to survive and escape the perilous island. Before Crichton's novel was published, four studios put in bids for its film rights. With the backing of Universal Studios, Spielberg acquired the rights for $1.5 million before its publication in 1990; Crichton was hired for an additional $500,000 to adapt the novel for the screen. Koepp wrote the final draft, which left out much of the novel's exposition and violence and made numerous changes to the characters. Filming took place in California and Hawaii from August to November 1992, and post-production rolled until May 1993, supervised by Spielberg in Poland as he filmed Schindler's List. The dinosaurs were created with groundbreaking computer-generated imagery by Industrial Light & Magic (ILM) and with life-sized animatronic dinosaurs built by Stan Winston's team. To showcase the film's sound design, which included a mixture of various animal noises for the dinosaur roars, Spielberg invested in the creation of DTS, a company specializing in digital surround sound formats. The film also underwent an extensive $65 million marketing campaign, which included licensing deals with over 100 companies. Jurassic Park premiered on June 9, 1993, at the Uptown Theater in Washington, D.C., and was released on June 11 in the United States. It went on to gross over $912 million worldwide in its original theatrical run,[4] becoming the highest-grossing film of 1993 and the highest-grossing film ever at the time, a record held until the release of Titanic in 1997. It received highly positive reviews from critics, who praised its special effects, acting, John Williams' musical score, and Spielberg's direction. Following its 3D re-release in 2013 to celebrate its 20th anniversary, Jurassic Park became the seventeenth film in history to surpass $1 billion in ticket sales. The film won more than twenty awards, including three Academy Awards for its technical achievements in visual effects and sound design. Jurassic Park is considered a landmark in the development of computer-generated imagery and animatronic visual effects. The film was followed by four commercially successful sequels: The Lost World: Jurassic Park (1997), Jurassic Park III (2001), Jurassic World (2015), and Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom (2018), with a fifth sequel, Jurassic World: Dominion, scheduled for a 2022 release. In 2018, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".[5][6][7]
Jurassic Park (film)
Frankenstein
for Frankenstein in Spiritual Successor
Suggested by toonking1985
A spiritual successor is a type of follow-up work that isn’t directly connected to the original story or universe, but still carries forward its essence through similar themes, style, and ideas—essentially acting as a sequel “in spirit.” Creators may do this for many reasons: to pay homage while avoiding legal ties, to continue exploring familiar creative ground without risking a direct sequel, or simply because their artistic voice naturally echoes past work. This concept appears across many forms of media, though it’s especially common in video games, where developers may retain the tools and design philosophy of a past project even if they no longer hold the rights to its name or characters. A related concept is the spiritual adaptation, where a work in one medium closely mirrors the tone and structure of another, almost feeling like an unofficial adaptation. Spiritual successors can sometimes feel like rebranded continuations of ideas from older or discontinued franchises, effectively serving as a kind of creative reincarnation. They often overlap with ideas like unofficial counterparts or heavily inspired works, and can even share the same creative teams. While they celebrate and evolve what came before, they stand apart as independent creations, occasionally even contrasting with or redefining the works that inspired them.
