Brilliant but deranged industrialist Norman Osborn once donned the mask of the maniacal Green Goblin as the defining archnemesis of Spider-Man. The CEO of Oscorp and father of Peter Parker's one-time best friend Harry Osborn, Osborn tested on himself a refined Goblin Formula that enhanced his strength and intellect at the cost of a fractured psyche. He designed a Goblin Glider and Pumpkin Bombs to wage a personal war on Spider-Man.[38][39] He learned Spider-Man's identity,[8] escalated their feud, and in a pivotal tragedy murdered Gwen Stacy before seemingly dying from his own glider.[40] Thought dead, Osborn survived and rebuilt his influence in Europe,[37] later revealing himself as the architect behind pitting Ben Reilly against Peter Parker and retaking corporate power.[41] He leveraged a televised battle during the Skrull invasion to supplant Tony Stark, rebrand S.H.I.E.L.D. as H.A.M.M.E.R.,[42] and led the Dark Avengers as the armored Iron Patriot.[9] His bid for lasting authority collapsed with the Siege of Asgard[43] and a public breakdown that led to his imprisonment, though he resurfaced with Super-Adaptoid derived powers before capture.[12] He changed his identity, becoming Mason Banks, a backer of Alchemax, and consolidated New York's underworld into the Goblin Nation as the Goblin King.[26] After that defeat, he built a global Goblin Army[44] then bonded with the Carnage symbiote to become the Red Goblin, targeting Peter's family until a psychic collapse.[19] He was weaponized by Carnage's Hive yet ultimately reclaimed his identity.[45] Purged of his “sins” by the Sin-Eater,[46] Osborn sought atonement as a consultant at the Ravencroft Institute,[47] and later adopted a heroic mantle as the Gold Goblin[7] Despite manipulations by the Queen Goblin and Kraven, Osborn still wavers between redemption and the Goblin persona.[48] With Peter off-world, a repentant Osborn has secretly acted as Spider-Man in New York.[49]